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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. Riak KV

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresDistributed, fault tolerant key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score4.10
Rank#82  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationwww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latest
DeveloperCockroach LabsFoundationDBMicrosoftOpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies
Initial release2015201320192014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB2009
Current release24.1.0, May 20246.2.28, November 2020cloud service with continuous releases10 R1, October 20183.2.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise edition
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++CErlang
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-free infosome layers support schemasFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesrestricted
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infodistributed, parallel query executionno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsErlang
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioningSharding infono "single point of failure"
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.selectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlynoyesno infolinks between data sets can be stored
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID infoMVCCno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, using Riak Security

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More resources
CockroachDBFoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgres-XLRiak KV
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