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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.In-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score18.08
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comwww.memcached.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikidocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperCockroach LabsFoundationDBThomas MuellerDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalMicrosoft
Initial release20152013200520032019
Current release24.1.0, May 20246.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20231.6.27, May 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSD licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++JavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocolMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Java.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenone infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallityyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlyyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesnoyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolAzure Active Directory Authentication

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CockroachDBFoundationDBH2MemcachedMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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