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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. KeyDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. KeyDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocols
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#226  Overall
#33  Key-value stores
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.keydb.dev
DeveloperCockroach LabsFoundationDBThomas MuellerEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.
Initial release2015201320052019
Current release23.1.1, May 20236.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSD-3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infoby using the Redis Search module
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization Protoco
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaC
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsLua
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlyyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scripts
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple password-based access control and ACL

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More resources
CockroachDBFoundationDBH2KeyDB
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