DBMS > CockroachDB vs. DuckDB vs. LevelDB vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. DuckDB vs. LevelDB vs. RocksDB

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Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	5.73
Rank	#58	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	4.63
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	3.41
Rank	#86	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

duckdb.org

github.com/google/leveldb

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

duckdb.org/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Google

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2015

2018

2011

2013

Current release

24.1.0, May 2024

1.0.0, June 2024

1.23, February 2021

9.2.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

server-less

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

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