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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Derby vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Derby vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.In-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score19.42
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comdb.apache.org/­derbywww.memcached.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlgithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikidocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperCockroach LabsApache Software FoundationDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalMicrosoft
Initial release2015199720032019
Current release23.1.1, May 202310.17.1.0, November 20231.6.25, March 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSD licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemedynamic schemayesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJDBCProprietary protocolMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Java.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored ProceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replicationnone infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallityyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesnoyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
CockroachDBDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBMemcachedMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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