DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Derby vs. LevelDB vs. PouchDB vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Derby vs. LevelDB vs. PouchDB vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	5.73
Rank	#58	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	4.60
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	2.34
Rank	#112	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	1.47
Rank	#157	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

db.apache.org/derby

github.com/google/leveldb

pouchdb.com

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

pouchdb.com/guides

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Apache Software Foundation

Google

Apache Software Foundation

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2015

1997

2011

2012

2010

Current release

24.1.0, May 2024

10.17.1.0, November 2023

1.23, February 2021

7.1.1, June 2019

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

JavaScript

Java, C++

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

Java

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

JavaScript

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

View functions in JavaScript

Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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