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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. Hive vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. Hive vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilitydata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.datomic.comhive.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.datomic.comcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperCockroach LabsCognitectApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookLeanXcaleMicrosoft
Initial release20152012201220152016
Current release24.1.0, May 20241.0.6735, June 20233.1.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJava, ClojureJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemedynamic schemayesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infothrough Apache Derbyyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCRESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Clojure
Java
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C
Java
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction Functionsyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQL
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersselectable replication factoryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and rolesyes

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More resources
CockroachDBDatomicHiveLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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