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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. CrateDB vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. CrateDB vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Distributed Database based on LuceneWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Wide column storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#227  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#10  Vector DBMS
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comcratedb.comhbase.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscratedb.com/­docshbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperCockroach LabsCrateApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoft
Initial release2015201320082019
Current release24.1.0, May 20242.3.4, January 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
hosted
Data schemedynamic schemaFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-free, schema definition possibleFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions (Javascript)yes infoCoprocessors in JavaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategySingle row ACID (across millions of columns)no
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlrights management via user accountsAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
CockroachDBCrateDBHBaseMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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