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DBMS > Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCloudflare Workers KV  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.39
Rank#274  Overall
#39  Key-value stores
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cloudflare.com/­developer-platform/­workers-kvfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdevelopers.cloudflare.com/­kv/­apifirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperCloudflareGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Thomas MuellerMicrosoft
Initial release2018201220052019
Current release2.2.220, July 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedAll OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsHTTP REST
Proprietary protocol
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
Java.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnolimited functionality with using 'rules'Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Cloudflare Workers KVFirebase Realtime DatabaseH2Microsoft Azure Data Explorer
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