DBMS > ClickHouse vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RDF4J vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RDF4J vs. Riak KV

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Widely used in-process key-value store

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

RDF store

Key-value store

with links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.34
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	20.56
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#117	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	4.10
Rank	#82	Overall
	#9	Key-value stores

Website

clickhouse.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

clickhouse.com/docs

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

rdf4j.org/documentation

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/kv/latest

Developer

Clickhouse Inc.

Microsoft

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies

Initial release

2016

1994

2004

2009

Current release

v24.3.2.23-lts, April 2024

18.1.40, May 2020

3.2.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

commercial license available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Apache version 2, commercial enterprise edition

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.

Implementation language

C++

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Java

Erlang

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

hosted

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

Supported programming languages

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

C#
Java
PHP

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Java
PHP
Python

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL

yes

Erlang

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

key based and custom

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

yes

Source-replica replication

none

selectable replication factor

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

links between data sets can be stored

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

yes

yes, using Riak Security

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.