DBMS > ClickHouse vs. Memcached vs. Qdrant vs. Stardog vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. Memcached vs. Qdrant vs. Stardog vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

In-memory key-value store, originally intended for caching

A high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matching

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.34
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	19.42
Rank	#32	Overall
	#4	Key-value stores

Score	1.16
Rank	#175	Overall
	#6	Vector DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

clickhouse.com

www.memcached.org

github.com/qdrant/qdrant
qdrant.tech

www.stardog.com

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

clickhouse.com/docs

github.com/memcached/memcached/wiki

qdrant.tech/documentation

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Clickhouse Inc.

Danga Interactive

originally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournal

Qdrant

Stardog-Union

8Kdata

Initial release

2016

2003

2021

2010

2016

Current release

v24.3.2.23-lts, April 2024

1.6.25, March 2024

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD license

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.
Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.

Implementation language

C++

Rust

Java

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numbers, Strings, Geo, Boolean

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

Keywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-text

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

Proprietary protocol

gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

OpenAPI 3.0

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

key based and custom

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

none

Repcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallity

Collection-level replication

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency, tunable consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

yes

using SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocol

Key-based authentication

Access rights for users and roles

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