DBMS > ClickHouse vs. KairosDB vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. KairosDB vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app development

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	15.55
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	0.67
Rank	#233	Overall
	#20	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	5.52
Rank	#59	Overall
	#6	Search engines

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

clickhouse.com

github.com/kairosdb/kairosdb

google.github.io/lovefield

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/search

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

clickhouse.com/docs

kairosdb.github.io

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/search

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Clickhouse Inc.

Google

Microsoft

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2016

2013

2014

2015

2019

Current release

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

1.2.2, November 2018

2.1.12, February 2017

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.

Implementation language

C++

Java

JavaScript

Clojure

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

hosted

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API

RESTful HTTP API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

JavaScript

C#
Java
JavaScript
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

key based and custom

Sharding

based on Cassandra

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

simple password-based access control

yes

using Azure authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.