DBMS > ClickHouse vs. IBM Db2 vs. Lovefield vs. NebulaGraph vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. IBM Db2 vs. Lovefield vs. NebulaGraph vs. RavenDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/Linux

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Since Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDB

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Document store
RDF store

in Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS

with Db2 Spatial Extender

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	15.55
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	125.90
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	2.84
Rank	#101	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Website

clickhouse.com

www.ibm.com/products/db2

google.github.io/lovefield

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

ravendb.net

Technical documentation

clickhouse.com/docs

www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.nebula-graph.io

ravendb.net/docs

Developer

Clickhouse Inc.

IBM

Google

Vesoft Inc.

Hibernating Rhinos

Initial release

2016

1983

host version

2014

2019

2010

Current release

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

12.1, October 2016

2.1.12, February 2017

5.4, July 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language (RQL)

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries

MongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

JavaScript

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

key based and custom

Sharding

only with Windows/Unix/Linux Version

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

yes

with separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)

none

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Authorization levels configured per client per database

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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