DBMS > ClickHouse vs. H2 vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. Weaviate
System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. H2 vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. Weaviate
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Name | ClickHouse Xexclude from comparison | H2 Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | SAP HANA Xexclude from comparison | Weaviate Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering. | Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server. | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service | An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Relational DBMS | Vector DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Time Series DBMS | Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache Age Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Document store Graph DBMS with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition Spatial DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | clickhouse.com | www.h2database.com | www.postgresql.org | www.sap.com/products/hana.html | github.com/weaviate/weaviate weaviate.io | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | clickhouse.com/docs | www.h2database.com/html/main.html | www.postgresql.org/docs | help.sap.com/hana | weaviate.io/developers/weaviate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | Clickhouse Inc. | Thomas Mueller | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | SAP | Weaviate B.V. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2016 | 2005 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2010 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024 | 2.2.220, July 2023 | 16.3, May 2024 | 2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023 | 1.19, May 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache 2.0 | Open Source dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license) | Open Source BSD | commercial | Open Source commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no also available as a cloud based service | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Implementation language | C++ | Java | C | Go | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | FreeBSD Linux macOS | All OS with a Java VM | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Appliance or cloud-service | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes, maps to GraphQL interface | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions) | yes | yes standard with numerous extensions | yes | GraphQL is used as query language | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | gRPC HTTP REST JDBC MySQL wire protocol ODBC PostgreSQL wire protocol Proprietary protocol | JDBC ODBC | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | JDBC ODBC | GraphQL query language RESTful HTTP/JSON API | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | C# 3rd party library C++ Elixir 3rd party library Go 3rd party library Java 3rd party library JavaScript (Node.js) 3rd party library Kotlin 3rd party library Nim 3rd party library Perl 3rd party library PHP 3rd party library Python 3rd party library R 3rd party library Ruby 3rd party library Rust Scala 3rd party library | Java | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBC JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | JavaScript / TypeScript Python | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes | Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | SQLScript, R | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | no | yes | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | key based and custom | none | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | yes | Sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages. | With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no | ACID | ACID | ACID | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication. | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | yes | API Keys OpenID Connect Discovery | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ClickHouse | H2 | PostgreSQL | SAP HANA | Weaviate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Specific characteristics | Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Competitive advantages | Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typical application scenarios | As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key customers | All companies that have data. » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Market metrics | As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Licensing and pricing models | Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Related products and services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3rd parties | DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale. » more Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics. » more | SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
» more pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring. » more CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details. » more Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development. » more Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today! » more Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users. » more Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools. » more Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance. » more Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL » more Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems. » more | CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers. » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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ClickHouse | H2 | PostgreSQL | SAP HANA | Weaviate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DB-Engines blog posts | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | Weaviate, an ANN Database with CRUD support Ubuntu 24.04 + Linux 6.9 Intel & AMD Server Performance Why Clickhouse Should Be Your Next Database ClickHouse Cloud & Amazon S3 Express One Zone: Making a blazing fast analytical database even faster | Amazon ... A 1000x Faster Database Solution: ClickHouse’s Aaron Katz ClickHouse Announces Launch of ClickPipes provided by Google News How to implement a better like, views, comment counters in PostgreSQL? PostgreSQL 17: Part 4 or Commitfest 2024-01 How LeadSquared accelerated chatbot deployments with generative AI using Amazon Bedrock and Amazon Aurora ... Introducing OCI Database with PostgreSQL: Completing Our Cloud Database Suite for Every Need EDB unveils EDB Postgres AI provided by Google News SAP AI pact with AWS offers customers more gen AI options AWS and SAP Unlock New Innovation with Generative AI Combine the Power of AI with Business Context Using SAP HANA Cloud Vector Engine Automating the update process of a clustered SAP HANA DB using nZDT and Ansible | Amazon Web Services Modernize consolidation in an SAP S/4 HANA environment | CCH Tagetik provided by Google News Build enterprise-ready generative AI solutions with Cohere foundation models in Amazon Bedrock and Weaviate vector ... Foley Represents Cortical Ventures in $50M Series B Round for Weaviate Weaviate Strengthens Partnership with AWS to Make it Easier for Developers to Build Generative AI Applications Getting Started with Weaviate: A Beginner's Guide to Search with Vector Databases Weaviate Raises $50 Million Series B Funding to Meet Soaring Demand for AI Native Vector Database Technology ... provided by Google News |
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