DBMS > ClickHouse vs. GraphDB vs. Memcached vs. ToroDB vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. GraphDB vs. Memcached vs. ToroDB vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

In-memory key-value store, originally intended for caching

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	15.88
Rank	#37	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	2.76
Rank	#99	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	16.84
Rank	#32	Overall
	#4	Key-value stores

Score	5.28
Rank	#61	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Website

clickhouse.com

www.ontotext.com

www.memcached.org

github.com/torodb/server

trino.io

Technical documentation

clickhouse.com/docs

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

github.com/memcached/memcached/wiki

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Clickhouse Inc.

Ontotext

Danga Interactive

originally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournal

8Kdata

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2016

2000

2003

2016

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

v24.6.2.17-stable, July 2024

10.4, October 2023

1.6.29, June 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

Open Source

BSD license

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

Proprietary protocol

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

key based and custom

none

Sharding

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

Multi-source replication

none

Repcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallity

Source-replica replication

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

yes

using SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocol

Access rights for users and roles

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more

Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more

Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

News

GraphDB in Action: Using Semantics To Push The Envelope Of Software Engineering, Machine Learning, and E-Health Domains
11 September 2024

Accelerating End-to-end Knowledge Graph Solutions with Ontotext’s LinkedLifeData Inventory: The Case of Target Discovery
30 August 2024

Using Entity Linking to Turn Your Graph into a Knowledge Graph
23 August 2024

Considerations to Creating a Graph Center of Excellence: 5 Elements to Ensure Success
22 August 2024

The Power of Knowledge Graphs – A Chat with Perfect Memory and Ontotext
16 August 2024

23 is a go, keeping pace with Java
17 September 2024

65: Performance boosts
12 September 2024

64: Control with Open Policy Agent OPA
22 August 2024

63: Querying with JS
1 August 2024

62: A lakehouse that simply works at Prezi
11 July 2024

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