DBMS > ClickHouse vs. Geode vs. Ingres vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. Geode vs. Ingres vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

Well established RDBMS

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	15.55
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	1.86
Rank	#134	Overall
	#24	Key-value stores

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

clickhouse.com

geode.apache.org

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

spark.apache.org/sql

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

clickhouse.com/docs

geode.apache.org/docs

docs.actian.com/ingres

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

Clickhouse Inc.

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Actian Corporation

Apache Software Foundation

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

2016

2002

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2014

Current release

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

1.1, February 2017

11.2, May 2022

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.
Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Scala

C++, Java

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

Java
Python
R
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

yes

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

key based and custom

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

Multi-source replication

Ingres Replicator

none

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes, on a single node

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

Access rights per client and object definable

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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