DBMS > ClickHouse vs. Datomic vs. Dragonfly vs. DuckDB vs. HugeGraph

System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. Datomic vs. Dragonfly vs. DuckDB vs. HugeGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

A drop-in Redis replacement that scales vertically to support millions of operations per second and terabyte sized workloads, all on a single instance

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	15.55
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#261	Overall
	#38	Key-value stores

Score	4.63
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#335	Overall
	#31	Graph DBMS

Website

clickhouse.com

www.datomic.com

github.com/dragonflydb/dragonfly
www.dragonflydb.io

duckdb.org

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

Technical documentation

clickhouse.com/docs

docs.datomic.com

www.dragonflydb.io/docs

duckdb.org/docs

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

Developer

Clickhouse Inc.

Cognitect

DragonflyDB team and community contributors

Baidu

Initial release

2016

2012

2023

2018

Current release

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

1.0.7075, December 2023

1.0, March 2023

1.0.0, June 2024

0.9

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

BSL 1.1

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.

Implementation language

C++

Java, Clojure

C++

Java

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

server-less

Linux
macOS
Unix

Data scheme

yes

scheme-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

strings, hashes, lists, sets, sorted sets, bit arrays

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

RESTful HTTP API

Proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

Supported programming languages

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

Clojure
Java

C
C#
C++
Clojure
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
Tcl

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

Groovy
Java
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Lua

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

Triggers

By using transaction functions

publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

key based and custom

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Source-replica replication

none

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, strict serializability by the server

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

Password-based authentication

Users, roles and permissions

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