DBMS > Citus vs. eXtremeDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. eXtremeDB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.91
Rank	#121	Overall
	#57	Relational DBMS

Score	0.90
Rank	#194	Overall
	#90	Relational DBMS
	#17	Time Series DBMS

Score	674.32
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Website

www.citusdata.com

www.mcobject.com

www.postgresql.org

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

www.postgresql.org/docs

Developer

McObject

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Initial release

2010

2001

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

Current release

8.1, December 2018

8.2, 2021

16.4, August 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

support of XML interfaces available

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes

by defining events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning / sharding

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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