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DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL vs. Teradata vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL vs. Teradata vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresA hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#260  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score41.47
Rank#22  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Score9.62
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgres-xl.orgwww.teradata.comwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationdocs.teradata.comvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperMicrosoftTeradataOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release201020162014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB19842005
Current release8.1, December 201810 R1, October 2018Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 201912.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licensecommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++CC++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
macOS
hosted
Linux
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash indexNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes infoSQL 2016 + extensionsFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Transact SQLuser defined functionsyes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallelyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesnoyesyesyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioningSharding infoHashinghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoMVCCACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

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More resources
CitusMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgres-XLTeradataVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
DB-Engines blog posts

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