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DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Teradata vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Teradata vs. Trino

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score44.87
Rank#22  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Score4.99
Rank#65  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.teradata.comtrino.io
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.teradata.comtrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperMicrosoftTeradataTrino Software Foundation
Initial release2010201919842012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current release8.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releasesTeradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageCJava
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhosted
Linux
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash indexdepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoSQL 2016 + extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallelyes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoHashingdepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
depending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistencydepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDdepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
CitusMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTeradataTrino
Specific characteristicsTrino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariosPerformant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersTrino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metrics33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTrino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
CitusMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTeradataTrino
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