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DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Riak KV vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Riak KV vs. SpaceTime

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score4.01
Rank#79  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score0.03
Rank#392  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latest
DeveloperMicrosoftOpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesMireo
Initial release2010201920092020
Current release8.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releases3.2.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editioncommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCErlangC++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Linux
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedrestrictedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RErlangno
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infono "single point of failure"Fixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.selectable replication factorReal-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infolinks between data sets can be storedno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes, using Riak Securityyes

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More resources
CitusMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRiak KVSpaceTime
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