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DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sphinx

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sphinx

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databases
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score93.76
Rank#12  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#56  Overall
#5  Search engines
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorersphinxsearch.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersphinxsearch.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftSphinx Technologies Inc.
Initial release2010199220192001
Current release8.1, December 20181902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019cloud service with continuous releases3.5.1, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxWindows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLshostedFreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infofull-text index on all search fields
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (SphinxQL)
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supported
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infobut no files for transaction loggingnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Azure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
CitusMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSphinx
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