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DBMS > Citus vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. RethinkDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. RethinkDB vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbrethinkdb.comspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.marklogic.comlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbrethinkdb.com/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20102001201420092014
Current release8.1, December 201811.0, December 20222.4.1, August 20203.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C++Scala
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL92SQL-like query languagenoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptJavaScriptno
TriggersyesyesJavaScriptClient-side triggers through changefeedsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding inforange basedyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*yes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionAtomic single-document operationsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelyes infousers and table-level permissionsno

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More resources
CitusMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBRethinkDBSpark SQL
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