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DBMS > Citus vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­sqlterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comwww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperSymasMicrosoftApache Software FoundationDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release20102011201620142018
Current release8.1, December 20180.9.32, January 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 202311.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCCC++ScalaProlog, Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noTransact SQLnoyes
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark CoreGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyesnoneJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyesnoRole-based access control

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More resources
CitusLMDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQLTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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