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DBMS > Citus vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenEdge vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenEdge vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenEdge  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryFully managed big data interactive analytics platformApplication development environment with integrated database management systemIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.09
Rank#121  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score3.45
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.progress.com/­openedgewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comwww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocumentation.progress.com/­output/­ua/­OpenEdge_latestdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperSymasMicrosoftProgress Software CorporationOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20102011201919841998
Current release8.1, December 20180.9.32, January 2024cloud service with continuous releasesOpenEdge 12.2, March 202011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Unix
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoclose to SQL 92yes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Progress proprietary ABL (Advanced Business Language)C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RyesPL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning infosince Version 11.4none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusLMDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenEdgeTimesTen
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