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DBMS > Citus vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Splice Machine

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Splice Machine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLWell established RDBMSMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and Spark
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score101.16
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.54
Rank#252  Overall
#115  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticssplicemachine.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.actian.com/­ingresdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticssplicemachine.com/­how-it-works
DeveloperActian CorporationMicrosoftMicrosoftSplice Machine
Initial release20101974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s199220162014
Current release8.1, December 201811.2, May 20221902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 20193.1, March 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCCC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLshostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
C#
Java
PHP
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineTransact SQLyes infoJava
Triggersyesyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-enginenoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynoneSharding, horizontal partitioningShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsIngres ReplicatornoneyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoYes, via Full Spark Integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003yesAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusIngresMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSplice Machine
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