DBMS > Citus vs. Hive vs. PostGIS vs. Snowflake vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Hive vs. PostGIS vs. Snowflake vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	22.69
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#348	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

postgis.net/documentation

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2010

2012

2005

2014

2009

Current release

8.1, December 2018

3.1.3, April 2022

3.4.2, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

GPL v2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Data scheme

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C++
Java
PHP
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

based on PostgreSQL

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

selectable replication factor

yes

based on PostgreSQL

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

yes

based on PostgreSQL

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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