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DBMS > Citus vs. Hive vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TinkerGraph vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Hive vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TinkerGraph vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopWidely used in-process key-value storeA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APICloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comhive.apache.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmltinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlinwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20102012199420092005
Current release8.1, December 20183.1.3, April 202218.1.40, May 202012.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availablenoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
TinkerPop 3ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Groovy
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesnoyes infoonly for the SQL APInoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenonehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationnoneMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptionalyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and rolesnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
CitusHiveOracle Berkeley DBTinkerGraphVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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CitusHiveOracle Berkeley DBTinkerGraphVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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