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DBMS > Citus vs. Hazelcast vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sqrrl

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Hazelcast vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sqrrl

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA widely adopted in-memory data gridA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache Accumulo
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#123  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score6.87
Rank#55  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score2.65
Rank#111  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comhazelcast.commaxdb.sap.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorersqrrl.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperHazelcastSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997MicrosoftAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.
Initial release20102008198420192012
Current release8.1, December 20185.3.6, November 20237.9.10.12, February 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategynoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languageyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesyes infoEventsyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infomaking use of Hadoop
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.selectable replication factor infomaking use of Hadoop
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDnoAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entity
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

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More resources
CitusHazelcastMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSqrrl
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