DBMS > Citus vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SWC-DB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SWC-DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A high performance, scalable Wide Column DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	1.77
Rank	#141	Overall
	#65	Relational DBMS

Score	0.45
Rank	#262	Overall
	#123	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.01
Rank	#376	Overall
	#13	Wide column stores

Website

www.citusdata.com

github.com/heavyai/heavydb
www.heavy.ai

www.kingbase.com.cn

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/kashirin-alex/swc-db
www.swcdb.org

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

docs.heavy.ai

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

HEAVY.AI, Inc.

BeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.

Microsoft

Alex Kashirin

Initial release

2010

2016

1999

1989

2020

Current release

8.1, December 2018

5.10, January 2022

V8.0, August 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

0.5, April 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPL V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++ and CUDA

C and Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

Standard with numerous extensions

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega

ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Proprietary protocol
Thrift

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C++

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

user defined functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Round robin

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Multi-source replication

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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