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DBMS > Citus vs. GraphDB vs. Neo4j vs. searchxml

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. GraphDB vs. Neo4j vs. searchxml

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonsearchxml  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsDBMS for structured and unstructured content wrapped with an application server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSNative XML DBMS
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.76
Rank#99  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score42.68
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#7  Native XML DBMS
#24  Search engines
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.ontotext.comneo4j.comwww.searchxml.net/­category/­products
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationneo4j.com/­docswww.searchxml.net/­support/­handouts
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperOntotextNeo4j, Inc.informationpartners gmbh
Initial release2010200020072015
Current release8.1, December 201810.4, October 20235.23, August 20241.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageCJavaJava, ScalaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnono
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
RESTful HTTP API
WebDAV
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++ infomost other programming languages supported via APIs
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes infoon the application server
Triggersyesnoyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyes using Neo4j Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyes infosychronisation to multiple collections
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoConstraint checkingyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDmultiple readers, single writer
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Domain, group and role-based access control at the document level and for application services
More information provided by the system vendor
CitusGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMNeo4jsearchxml
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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CitusGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMNeo4jsearchxml
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Recent citations in the news

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL performance and scale
24 January 2019, blogs.microsoft.com

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5 March 2024, TechCrunch

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, creators of a cloud-friendly version of the PostgreSQL database
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Microsoft acquires another open-source company, Citus Data
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