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DBMS > Citus vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. Typesense

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL vs. Typesense

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTypesense  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA typo-tolerant, in-memory search engine optimized for instant search-as-you-type experiences and developer productivity
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.76
Rank#219  Overall
#14  Search engines
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­sqltypesense.org
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmltypesense.org/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20102010201620142015
Current release8.1, December 20183.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC.NET and CC++ScalaC++
Server operating systemsLinux.NEThostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free infopre-defined schema optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
.Net infocommunity maintained
Clojure infocommunity maintained
Dart infocommunity maintained
Go infocommunity maintained
Java infocommunity maintained
JavaScript
Perl infocommunity maintained
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust infocommunity maintained
Swift infocommunity maintained
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesTransact SQLnono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesnoneMulti-source replication using RAFT
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesno

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More resources
CitusGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQLTypesense
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