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DBMS > Citus vs. Graph Engine vs. Graphite vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Graph Engine vs. Graphite vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperA high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score1.77
Rank#141  Overall
#65  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.graphengine.iogithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webgithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualgraphite.readthedocs.iodocs.heavy.aidocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperMicrosoftChris DavisHEAVY.AI, Inc.Microsoft
Initial release20102010200620162019
Current release8.1, December 20185.10, January 2022cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC.NET and CPythonC++ and CUDA
Server operating systemsLinux.NETLinux
Unix
Linuxhosted
Data schemeyesyesyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnonoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnonoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP APIHTTP API
Sockets
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesnononoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningnoneSharding infoRound robinSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnononono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
CitusGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityGraphiteHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022Microsoft Azure Data Explorer
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