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DBMS > Citus vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. TinkerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA distributed reliable key-value storeA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score7.03
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.cometcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
cloud.google.com/­spannertinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.cometcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
cloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
DeveloperGoogle
Initial release201020172009
Current release8.1, December 20183.4, August 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCGoJava
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011no
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonono
Triggersyesyes, watching key changesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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More resources
CitusetcdGoogle Cloud SpannerTinkerGraph
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