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DBMS > Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LeanXcale vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LeanXcale vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websitewww.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.leanxcale.comorientdb.org
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperGoogleLeanXcaleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release2010201720152010
Current release8.1, December 20183.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJava
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infothrough Apache DerbySQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noJava, Javascript
TriggersyesnoHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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CitusGoogle Cloud SpannerLeanXcaleOrientDB
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