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DBMS > Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Immudb vs. Pinecone vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Immudb vs. Pinecone vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.A managed, cloud-native vector databaseA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeVector DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score3.02
Rank#87  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score0.05
Rank#355  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.pinecone.iowww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.immudb.iodocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overviewwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
DeveloperGoogleCodenotaryPinecone Systems, IncTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release20102017202020191987
Current release8.1, December 20181.2.3, April 2022Transbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCGoC and C++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedFreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesString, Number, Booleanyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like syntaxnoyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
PythonC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonoyes
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusGoogle Cloud SpannerImmudbPineconeTransbase
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Recent citations in the news

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL performance and scale
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