DB-EnginesInfluxDB: Focus on building software with an easy-to-use serverless, scalable time series platformEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. Vertica

Please select another system to include it in the comparison.

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A widely adopted in-memory data gridCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spannerhazelcast.comwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleHazelcastOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release2010201720082005
Current release8.1, December 20185.3.6, November 202312.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languageFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesnoyes infoEventsyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoReplicated MapMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesno infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
CitusGoogle Cloud SpannerHazelcastVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
» more
Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
CitusGoogle Cloud SpannerHazelcastVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Recent citations in the news

Ubicloud wants to build an open source alternative to AWS
5 March 2024, TechCrunch

Ubicloud reels in $16M for its open-source cloud platform
5 March 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL ...
24 January 2019, Microsoft

Microsoft Benchmarks Distributed PostgreSQL DBs
10 July 2023, Datanami

Distributed PostgreSQL Benchmarks: Azure Cosmos DB, CockroachDB, and YugabyteDB
8 July 2023, InfoQ.com

provided by Google News

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB
11 October 2023, TechCrunch

Google Cloud just fired a major volley at AWS as the cloud wars heat up
12 October 2023, TechRadar

Google Spanner: When Do You Need to Move to It?
11 September 2023, hackernoon.com

provided by Google News

Hazelcast Weaves Wider Logic Threads Through The Data Fabric
7 March 2024, Forbes

Hazelcast Showcases Real-Time Data Platform at 2024 Gartner Summit
15 May 2024, Datanami

Hazelcast 5.4 real time data processing platform boosts AI and consistency
17 April 2024, VentureBeat

Real-Time Data Platform Hazelcast Introduces New Chief Technology Officer Adrian Soars
7 November 2023, Finovate

Hazelcast to Demonstrate Power of Unified Platform for Real-Time and AI Applications at the ...
13 May 2024, WDRB

provided by Google News

Stonebraker Seeks to Invert the Computing Paradigm with DBOS
12 March 2024, Datanami

How Embedded Analytics Help ISVs Overcome Challenges
14 September 2023, Spiceworks News and Insights

OpenText expands enterprise portfolio with AI and Micro Focus integrations
25 July 2023, VentureBeat

Postgres pioneer Michael Stonebraker promises to upend the database once more
26 December 2023, The Register

Querying a Vertica data source in Amazon Athena using the Athena Federated Query SDK | Amazon Web Services
11 February 2021, AWS Blog

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

AllegroGraph logo

Graph Database Leader for AI Knowledge Graph Applications - The Most Secure Graph Database Available.
Free Download

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Present your product here