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DBMS > Citus vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Quasardb

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Quasardb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerDistributed, high-performance timeseries database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#332  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­bigtableazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsquasar.ai
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdoc.quasar.ai/­master
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftquasardb
Initial release2010201520162009
Current release8.1, December 20183.14.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialcommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infointeger and binary
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infowith tags
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noTransact SQLno
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding infoconsistent hashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyesSource-replica replication with selectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnowith Hadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby using LevelDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoTransient mode
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

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More resources
CitusGoogle Cloud BigtableMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseQuasardb
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