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DBMS > Citus vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Key-value storeRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­google/­leveldbrdf4j.org
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2010201520112004
Current release8.1, December 20181.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnonono
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonoyes
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsnoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nono

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More resources
CitusGoogle Cloud BigtableLevelDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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