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DBMS > Citus vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. KeyDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. KeyDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocols
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#129  Overall
#61  Relational DBMS
Score1.50
Rank#166  Overall
#29  Document stores
#27  Key-value stores
#76  Relational DBMS
Score8.14
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score4.30
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#205  Overall
#30  Key-value stores
Websitewww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comhsqldb.orggithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.keydb.dev
DeveloperFoundationDBThomas MuellerEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.
Initial release20102013200520012019
Current release8.1, December 20186.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoBSD-3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++JavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search module
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionssupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization Protoco
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.in SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLLua
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlyyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scripts
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple password-based access control and ACL

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More resources
CitusFoundationDBH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBKeyDB
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