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DBMS > Citus vs. Dragonfly vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Dragonfly vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpatiaLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDragonfly  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA drop-in Redis replacement that scales vertically to support millions of operations per second and terabyte sized workloads, all on a single instanceSpatial extension of H2Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpatial extension of SQLite
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.41
Rank#266  Overall
#38  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.60
Rank#149  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­dragonflydb/­dragonfly
www.dragonflydb.io
www.h2gis.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­index
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comwww.dragonflydb.io/­docswww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.html
DeveloperDragonflyDB team and community contributorsCNRSMicrosoftAlessandro Furieri
Initial release20102023201320192008
Current release8.1, December 20181.0, March 2023cloud service with continuous releases5.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoBSL 1.1Open Source infoLGPL 3.0commercialOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxhostedserver-less
Data schemeyesscheme-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesstrings, hashes, lists, sets, sorted sets, bit arraysyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocolMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Clojure
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
Tcl
Java.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Luayes infobased on H2Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyespublish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionalityyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationyes infobased on H2yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic execution of command blocks and scriptsACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, strict serializability by the serveryes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardPassword-based authenticationyes infobased on H2Azure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
CitusDragonflyH2GISMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpatiaLite
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