DBMS > Citus vs. DolphinDB vs. Graph Engine vs. gStore vs. H2

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. DolphinDB vs. Graph Engine vs. gStore vs. H2

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

DolphinDB is a high performance Time Series DBMS. It is integrated with an easy-to-use fully featured programming language and a high-volume high-velocity streaming analytics system. It offers operational simplicity, scalability, fault tolerance, and concurrency.

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

A native Graph DBMS to store and maintain very large RDF datasets.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	4.13
Rank	#80	Overall
	#6	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.61
Rank	#240	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#35	Key-value stores

Score	0.04
Rank	#359	Overall
	#37	Graph DBMS
	#18	RDF stores

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

docs.dolphindb.cn/en/help200/index.html

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

en.gstore.cn/#/enDocs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

Developer

DolphinDB, Inc

Microsoft

Thomas Mueller

Initial release

2010

2018

2010

2016

2005

Current release

8.1, December 2018

v2.00.4, January 2022

1.2, November 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

commercial

free community version available

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

.NET and C

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Windows

.NET

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC
JSON over HTTP
Kafka
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC
OPC DA
OPC UA
RabbitMQ
WebSocket

RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
MatLab
Python
R
Rust

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

yes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Administrators, Users, Groups

Users, roles and permissions, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) supported

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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