DB-EnginesExtremeDB: mitigate connectivity issues in a DBMSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Citus vs. Dgraph vs. H2GIS vs. Neo4j vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Dgraph vs. H2GIS vs. Neo4j vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSSpatial extension of H2Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSSpatial DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#368  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comdgraph.iowww.h2gis.orgneo4j.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdgraph.io/­docswww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homeneo4j.com/­docsdoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.CNRSNeo4j, Inc.Dassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release20102016201320072013
Current release8.1, December 20185.20, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoLGPL 3.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageCGoJavaJava, ScalaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes infobased on H2yes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsJava, SQL
Triggersyesnoyesyes infovia event handleryes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyesnoneyes using Neo4j Fabricdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSynchronous replication via Raftyes infobased on H2Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releasesyes infobased on H2Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users
More information provided by the system vendor
CitusDgraphH2GISNeo4jNuoDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
News

Neo4j-Databricks Connector Delivers Deeper Insights, Faster GenAI Development
10 June 2024

This Week in Neo4j: Podcast, Testing, Knowledge Graph, GenAI and more
8 June 2024

Neo4j and Snowflake Bring Graph Data Science Into the AI Data Cloud
4 June 2024

RDF vs. Property Graphs: Choosing the Right Approach for Implementing a Knowledge Graph
4 June 2024

This Week in Neo4j: Importing Data, NODES, GenAI, Going Meta and more
1 June 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
CitusDgraphH2GISNeo4jNuoDB
DB-Engines blog posts

Applying Graph Analytics to Game of Thrones
12 June 2019, Amy Hodler & Mark Needham, Neo4j (guest author)

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

The openCypher Project: Help Shape the SQL for Graphs
22 December 2015, Emil Eifrem (guest author)

show all

Meet some database management systems you are likely to hear more about in the future
4 August 2014, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

Ubicloud wants to build an open source alternative to AWS
5 March 2024, TechCrunch

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL ...
24 January 2019, Microsoft

Ubicloud reels in $16M for its open-source cloud platform
5 March 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Distributed PostgreSQL Benchmarks: Azure Cosmos DB, CockroachDB, and YugabyteDB
8 July 2023, InfoQ.com

Microsoft Benchmarks Distributed PostgreSQL DBs
10 July 2023, Datanami

provided by Google News

Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database | Amazon Web Services
1 September 2020, AWS Blog

Popular Open Source GraphQL Company Dgraph Secures $6M in Seed Round with New Leadership
20 July 2022, PR Newswire

Dgraph Raises $6M in Seed Funding
20 July 2022, FinSMEs

Dgraph Rises to the Top Graph Database on GitHub With 11 G2 Badges and 11M Downloads
26 May 2021, businesswire.com

Dgraph raises $11.5 million for scalable graph database solutions
31 July 2019, VentureBeat

provided by Google News

Neo4j employs knowledge graphs as part of the AI stack
11 June 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Neo4j graph analytics integrated with Snowflake’s AI cloud
7 June 2024, Blocks and Files

Neo4j Announces Collaboration with Microsoft to Advance GenAI and Data Solutions USA - English - India - English
26 March 2024, PR Newswire

Using Neo4j’s graph database for AI in Azure
4 April 2024, InfoWorld

Neo4j Announces Collaboration with Snowflake for Advanced AI Insights & Predictive Analytics
4 June 2024, Yahoo Finance

provided by Google News

Dassault Systèmes Announces the Acquisition of NuoDB, a Cloud-Native Distributed SQL Database Leader
25 November 2020, Dassault Systèmes

Deploy the NuoDB Database in Docker Containers
16 October 2017, The New Stack

Big Data Product Watch 1/31/17: No-Cost NuoDB, GPU Analytics, Cloud Object Storage, More -- ADTmag
31 January 2017, ADT Magazine

NuoDB Raises $14.2M Round Led By Dassault Systèmes For Its Distributed Database Management System
26 February 2014, TechCrunch

NuoDB empowers distributed database users to optimize cloud and container resources with new graphical dashboard
10 April 2018, Daily Host News

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Present your product here