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DBMS > Citus vs. CockroachDB vs. OrientDB vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. CockroachDB vs. OrientDB vs. Snowflake

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#123  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score6.10
Rank#58  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score3.27
Rank#97  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#15  Key-value stores
Score123.20
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.cockroachlabs.comorientdb.orgwww.snowflake.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperCockroach LabsOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPSnowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release2010201520102014
Current release8.1, December 201823.1.1, May 20233.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCGoJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)hosted
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like query language, no joinsyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBCTinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noJava, Javascriptuser defined functions
TriggersyesnoHooksno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes inforelationship in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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CitusCockroachDBOrientDBSnowflake
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