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DBMS > Citus vs. CockroachDB vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. CockroachDB vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperCockroach LabsSymasMicrosoftDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release20102015201120162018
Current release8.1, December 201823.1.1, May 20230.9.32, January 202411.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCGoCC++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoyesSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
C#
Java
PHP
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonoTransact SQLyes
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication using RAFTnoneyesJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlnoyesRole-based access control

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More resources
CitusCockroachDBLMDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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