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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Hazelcast vs. NebulaGraph vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Hazelcast vs. NebulaGraph vs. QuestDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA widely adopted in-memory data gridA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSA high performance open source SQL database for time series data
Primary database modelWide column storeKey-value storeGraph DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score5.72
Rank#59  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score1.92
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
Score2.81
Rank#98  Overall
#7  Time Series DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orghazelcast.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
questdb.io
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latesthazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.ioquestdb.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookHazelcastVesoft Inc.QuestDB Technology Inc
Initial release2008200820192014
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20245.3.6, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeStrong typed schemayes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategynono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.no
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languageSQL-like query languageSQL with time-series extensions
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesuser defined functionsno
Triggersyesyes infoEventsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes infoReplicated MapCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRole-based access controlRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraHazelcastNebulaGraphQuestDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
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