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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LeanXcale vs. Raima Database Manager

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LeanXcale vs. Raima Database Manager

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_Vista  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesRDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into an application or used as a database server
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.28
Rank#286  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#130  Relational DBMS
Score0.40
Rank#268  Overall
#125  Relational DBMS
#21  Time Series DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.leanxcale.comraima.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.raima.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleLeanXcaleRaima Inc.
Initial release2008201720151984
Current release5.0-rc1, July 202415, June 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAndroid
HP-UX
Integrity RTOS
iOS
Linux
OS X
QNX
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoExporting/Importing of XML structures possible
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infothrough Apache Derbyyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Objective-C
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infobased on the ANSI/ISO SQL Persistent Stored Modules (PSM) specification
Triggersyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraGoogle Cloud SpannerLeanXcaleRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_Vista
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Raima Database Manager (RDM) is an embedded time-series database optimized to run...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Decreased time-to-market Industry-standard interfaces & tools for making your job...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Typical use cases include: Internet of Things (IoT) Embedded In-Memory Database Time-Series...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Infor, ABB, The Boeing Company, BAE Systems, Dow Jones, Dun & Bradstreet, Fujitsu,...
» more
Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Over 30 000 applications developers worldwide have field-tested RDM products More...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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Just as the technical aspects of Raima Database Manager are flexible, so are the...
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More resources
Apache CassandraGoogle Cloud SpannerLeanXcaleRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_Vista
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