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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Geode vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Geode vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A widely adopted in-memory data grid
Primary database modelWide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.51
Rank#147  Overall
#25  Key-value stores
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score5.72
Rank#59  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orggeode.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerhazelcast.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgeode.apache.org/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.GoogleHazelcast
Initial release2008200220172008
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20241.1, February 20175.3.6, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfirecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredhostedAll OS with a Java VM
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategy
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query language (OQL)yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Services
Triggersyesyes infoCache Event Listenersnoyes infoEvents
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoReplicated Map
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus Algorithm
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsyes, on a single nodeACID infoStrict serializable isolationone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights per client and object definableAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraGeodeGoogle Cloud SpannerHazelcast
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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