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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. FoundationDB vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. FoundationDB vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.97
Rank#191  Overall
#32  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#87  Relational DBMS
Score1.85
Rank#134  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score24.97
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbjanusgraph.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.janusgraph.orglearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookFoundationDBLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusMicrosoft
Initial release2008201320172014
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20246.2.28, November 20201.0.0, October 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)supported in specific SQL layer onlynoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Clojure
Java
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyyesJavaScript
TriggersyesnoyesJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)Sharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics enginewith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Linearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlyyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerAccess rights can be defined down to the item level
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraFoundationDBJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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