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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. FoundationDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Hypertable

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. FoundationDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Hypertable

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as Hadoop
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSWide column store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.97
Rank#191  Overall
#32  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#87  Relational DBMS
Score3.14
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbhsqldb.org
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestapple.github.io/­foundationdbhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookFoundationDBHypertable Inc.
Initial release2008201320012009
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20246.2.28, November 20202.7.2, June 20230.9.8.11, March 2016
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scans
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)supported in specific SQL layer onlyyesno
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyJava, SQLno
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesnoneselectable replication factor on file system level
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Linearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlyyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraFoundationDBHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBHypertable
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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